EU Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

EU Law - question Paper ExampleIt sets out the vision or primary goal that must be achieved and so left to the individual soil to see how best it bequeath implement the guiding. In other words, a directive is aimed at allowing a countrys national laws to easily conform to the international laws. This instrument that a country has the option to already rely on its own existing laws if it feels they atomic number 18 sufficient.6 It will also have the option of coming up with the laws to which the latter grant them a period of among one to five years. It is stated that the deflexions between regulations and directives ar aimed at member states or individuals while regulations impose to everyone. It is also argued that regulations are designed to apply directly while as seen in Article 288, directives are made effective after some form of legislation is implemented by the member state to give the tell directive a form of validity.7 In the case of caravan Duyn v. rest home portion 1974 ECR 1337, the applicant Yvonne Van Duyn, a Dutch woman, was denied entry into the United Kingdom to work as a secretary in the Church of Scientology.8 The conflict that caused her to sue Home percentage was that she had rights to movement as a worker. This meant that the Home Office had no right to turn her away. On the other hand, the Home Office argued that it had a right to recall a person entry on the basis of public policy, public security de partitioningment and public health. At this time, the Church of Scientology was banned, and on this basis, the entry of Van Duyn was denied.9 Evaluation of the Differences, Advantages and Disadvantages As discussed above, it emerges that a difference exists between these two unyielding cases. A regulation as shown by the case of Commission v. Italy, part of the... It is stated that the differences between regulations and directives are aimed at member states or individuals while regulations apply to everyone. It is also a rgued that regulations are designed to apply directly while as seen in Article 288, directives are made effective after some form of legislation is implemented by the member state to give the said directive a form of validity. In the case of Van Duyn v. Home Office 1974 ECR 1337, the applicant Yvonne Van Duyn, a Dutch woman, was denied entry into the United Kingdom to work as a secretary in the Church of Scientology. The conflict that caused her to sue Home Office was that she had rights to the movement as a worker. This meant that the Home Office had no right to turn her away. On the other hand, the Home Office argued that it had a right to deny a person entry on the basis of public policy, public security and public health. At this time, the Church of Scientology was banned, and on this basis, the entry of Van Duyn was denied. As discussed above, it emerges that a difference exists between these two decided cases. A regulation as shown by the case of Commission v. Italy, part of t he ruling was that a directive cannot be interfered with. It must be implemented in its entirety. On the other hand, as Van Duyn v. Home Office has shown, a country has the discretion to implement a directive as it sees fit. This means that the individual country has the advantage of refusing to implement a directive if it contravenes national law.

Sustainability In Emerging Economies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sustainability In Emerging Economies - Essay ExampleMost withdraw reduced poverty levels to greater lengths, but at a cost to the environment. They have contributed to global warming by engaging in unsustainable efforts which is a threat to global environmental sustainability (Hansen and Wethal 2014 p 3).In this solecism study, the researcher focused on a firm, Bunge Limited, to show how they adopted the zero deforestation policies in a bid to ensure food security for a growing population in a sustainable manner. Bunge Limited is one of the largest agribusiness firms in the origination. The company is one of the largest suppliers of global commodities. However, in its efforts to feed the world the firm severely impacts the environment through deforestation on agricultural development (McIntyre). The concerns about the do on the environment prompted the firm to adopt a raft of measures that were sustainable to the firm and the environment (LOUCHE and HEBB 2014 p48).The selected invoke is Kenya found in Africa. Bunge Limited will partner with the Kenya Forestry Services (KFS). Bunge will source seedlings from the KFS and plant in the tropical zones of the Mount Kenya forest. The area receives adequate rainfall that is appropriate for various species such as the genus Cupressus lusitanica and Grevillea robusta. The area is inhabited by the Ameru to the south and some western parts of the mountain, the Agikuyu to the east and north (Johannson and Project, 1995). The couch is estimated to take three months. However, sustaining a project in an emerging economy faces challenges due to social-economic and even policy-making differences. In this case, the six principle of project sustainability will be used to ensure the project is in effect(p) to the members of the society and it lasts. The first principle is to maintain and to enhance the quality of life of the resident. Bunge Limited is concerned with steer planting, and the benefits accrued with trees are

Critically assess Lyotard's 'incredulity towards metanarratives', Essay

Critically assess Lyotards irresolution towards metanarratives, - Essay ExampleThe definition that Lyotard gave toward the incredulity toward metanarratives was based first on the postmodernist philosophies and definitions. Lyotard believed that postmodernism was creating a culture that didnt have value, definition or understanding that moved beyond the basic theories and into other practicalities. The approach which Lyotard gave was on the inability to create a relationship between the living conditions from the main aspects of culture, specifically because the perspectives were limited to the lay down and the historical ideologies of the metanarrative. The opposition that Lyotard had toward the social system was based on the inability to effectively look at the cultural problems and instead use the form and the historical knowledge as a way of giving information that wasnt legitimate (Fraser, Nicholson, 1989 83). another(prenominal) concept which Lyotard believed created incred ulity to the metanarrative was based on the perspective which was assumption with the viewpoints taken. The historical approach, use of form and the philosophies which were given were provided for a specific audience. From the perspective of Lyotard, this immediately created boundaries because of the sociocultural audience which was interested in the narrative. At the equivalent time, the perspective limited meaning, scientific truth, philosophies and beliefs because of the approach which was taken. The opposition which Lyotard had was based on the limiting features and the inability for the descriptions to overtake a sense of philosophical meaning which was pertinent and which was enlightening to those that were looking at the metanarrative. The concept of enlightenment philosophy, according to Lyotard, held consequences when using the metanarrative as the basis (Thompson, 1993 325). The inability to believe the metanarrative because of boundaries which were created as well as the emphasis of the descriptions became a way of questioning the postmodernism movement and the new ideologies which were in society. The question which Lyotard raised was based on the incredulity of the metanarrative because it was easier to see the illegitimacy and the socio cultural boundaries which were created. However, the question which Lyotard raised used this only as an typesetters case of what should be considered when describing a truth and how to explain it as a truth. The deeper philosophical meaning was more pertinent to what Lyotard was looking into. The approach which he took was based on creating universal truth, specifically which creates a sense of legitimacy, as opposed to only taking a limited perspective. When looking at this particular part of the debate, it send word be seen that there isnt a focus only on this philosophy, but also with the noetic and theoretical implications that often were limited in meaning and in truth (Hutcheon, 1989 40). The point s which Lyotard can be considered as credible with were based on the descriptions of the metanarrative, the use of deep intellect to take away from the main points and the inability to show the entire point and perspective of history or a condition. The failure which he states, specifically with the demise created because of the lack of universal understanding of a given situation is one which can substantially be seen with the metanarrative

Nut wk7 assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nut wk7 assignment - Essay ExampleHowever, I took the initiative to delegate into practice the activities recommended by Mypyramidtracker. The most interesting activity was to carry out various body exercises and then calculate the corresponding energy expenditure from the calculator. I also developed the habit of being commissariat conscious and took control of my eating habits.The head start time I did a food nutrition evaluation, I found that my diet consisted wastedive energy-giving foods. Most of my diet consisted of deep fried potato chips, crumbled bread, almonds roasted with honey, java milk, and cornflakes among others. The results from the calculator indicated that I was taking approximately 3210 Cal which was the above my daily recommended intake of 2630 Cal. Particularly, I was taking an excess of proteins, saturated fats, and refined sugars. However, I was meeting the daily-recommended intake for total fiber, which I was able to maintain at 25. Vitamins and mineral elements requirements varied from one vitamin to another. Whereas the diet was exceeding the required daily intake for vitamins A, C, E, and riboflavin, it was falling short of thiamin, potassium, and zinc. by and by reading and understanding about the various health effects of taking less or more than of one nutritional requirement, I decided to change my diet. I primarily reduced the amount of carbohydrate foods I was taking in a day and supplemented the same with vegetables and fruits. The changes were hardly noticeable within the beginning week but I began to record some changes in the third week. It was challenging at first since some of the substitutes were costly and difficult to choose from the food stores. For instance, I would not know what type of fruits or vegetables would help me meet or at least maintain the daily-recommended nutrient intake for some vitamins. Therefore, I had to exercise patience and do a lot of trial and

Racism and classism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Racism and classism - Essay Example accord to Memmi, the world of the colonizers enjoys the enormous privilege, from economic to social issues, while the colonized suffer all the colonialism injustices, from racism to sexism. The oblige quotes Cecil Rhodes on his comment concerning land and niggers (the blacks) to highlight the colonial issue of racism. Arguably, all stereotypical colonialism undermines the colonized induce with dark and brutal methods of governance. The philosophical definition of racism, with emphasis on the suffix ism, is the belief that the primary determinant of capabilities of humans is based on their race. With this perception, therefore, the colonists viewed the colonized as a weaker race who would work under them. The indite thus expresses the opinion that the colonized do not exist individually, but rather as a mass in the eyes of the colonialists. This creates the concept of classism, where the colonizers set a different social class for themselves, a nd a much lower one for the colonized. In essence, classism entails the systematic oppression of nonage, or weaker groups to strengthen dominant groups. ... of position for the enforced the colonizers language, thus, the native tongues were neither written nor read, rusting in the course of the colonialism (Sartre 20). The result was an uprising against the colonial rule that contributed to the re-instatement of the culture, religion, and tradition of the native society. According to him, revolt is the only solution to end the brutality of monocracy and resolve the contradiction of the oppressed and the oppressor. The chapters in the book that contain arguments on the colonized are muster out of debate to a certain degree, but the earlier sections concern the literature on the colonizer is scathing. in spite of writing the book from personal experience in North Africa, Memmi believes that there is no middle dirt fro Europeans. According to him, all the Europeans in all the colo nies are de fact colonizers and either all of them will rescue to Europe (at the time) or will ultimately become colonizers themselves (Sartre 22). It is true that the Europeans were enjoying privileges not similar to the colonized it does not conclusively mean that all of them were upholding or supporting the colonial system. In contrast, there were certain minority colonial outposts that supported the colonized liberation efforts, thus, opposing the rule of the mother country. In one of his quotes, Memmi says, the accurate weight of the Europeans perpetuates the colonial oppression, whether intentional or otherwise. This argument is ancient, similar to stating that all the people in the Western nations support and benefit from oppression of poorer, which is simply incorrect. Later in the book, the author contradicts his earlier wheel by stating that Europeans who originate elsewhere other than the colonizing country are neither colonizers or

Research paper Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research report card Bachelor - Essay Example2. This was predominantly media circulated story. It is essential to know that media had been unbiased through divulge its reporting and distorting truth had not taken place. It is a fact that more media dependent people become, interaction with other humanness lessens proportionately and our understanding of human nature diminishes.As media remain a primary information and amuse custodyt source, many scholars express concern that interpersonal discussions about important social topics will continue to lower leading to accelerated civic and social disengagement of the audience members, Wicks (2001, p.5).4. If in reality, the victim is a prostitute, how could the men be justified in forcing their attention on an unwilling prostitute and it has to be treated as rape, even though it was not violent and here, it was a violent sexual assault, which has no justification. It is wrong to usurp that prostitutes do not have morality or lack th e power of saying no.5. Media coverage had been overwhelming. Media can produce mass hysteria, sway peoples minds, alter opinions, force impeach to be flushed out into open, create awareness and question if incident was isolated. It has to be probed if media had been successful in this case.7. Presence of two Muslims amongst accused has created a cultural question.

BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL SPEAKING PowerPoint Presentation

BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL SPEAKING - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleThe choice that you make slightly metre is what sack up lead to a wasted job or even lack of goal and drive in our lives.Imagine that you were given a certain sum of money every morning, assign $86,400. You are requires to spend this money each day, and not save it for the future. How would you spend it? This is exactly what goes on with our or so valuable resource every single day of our lives. Each day we get to spend 86,400 seconds. We shagt save it, nor can we invest it in the future.A time management expert at a conference was to give a speech about her success in business and how time management plays a huge part of business success. She kept the crowd involved they seemed to love her. She was providing tips and splintering in success stories. Suddenly, she realized she had been talking for two hours She stopped to make an apology to the cagey sort and explicated that she had left her watch at home. A vo ice came from the audience, There is a calendar next to you. (LaMarco, 2010)You can now move on to explaining what time management is, as mentioned in the page above. In addition, implicate the common symptoms of bad time-management as well as good time-management. You might besides include an concomitant during which time-management proved to be a crucial tool for your success.Next to engage the audience, you can do a two-way interaction, asking them how many of them think they are bad at time-management. In addition, you can also ask them to share stories about time-management if you have extra time.1. The audience might not be elicit in lengthy views about time-management. A lot of theory allow bore them out of their head. You require to include anecdotes and jokes throughout the presentation to keep them hooked onto your every word. Moreover, engaging them in the presentation will be beneficial as one-sided communication usually results in less concentration on the part of the audience.2. Your own

How Police Conduct Themselves in the Public Eye Essay

How Police Conduct Themselves in the Public Eye - search ExampleThe concept of effectiveness plays a key role in the analysis offered by Skogan and Frydl (2004), who as well as take a historical approach to evaluating the success of various practice of law reform efforts. As Kelling and Moore (1988) write, edition is necessary (p. 1). In other words, a historical approach is defined by interpretations of the facts that emerge from authentic cases. Although an interpretative approach is empirically weak, such an approach provides both a descriptive and evaluative great deal of what problems exist and how the public should fix them. Police have evolved a secondary function in the States to serve as a symbol of authority, which they have with the implicit power to deprive individual citizens of their liberty. A normal person knows that if he commits a abuse in front of a law officer, that police officer has the authority to take action to lock him in jail or to give him a fine. Even in the threat of depriving people of liberty without actually expressing that power, police have a definite authority (Skogan & Frydl, 2004, p. 65). This authority comes from their symbolic place as a representative of authority, which members of the public automatically do to. ... In the last 50 years in American policing, some of these conflicts have been exacerbated by nationwide media coverage. One of the most remembered incidents involved the beating of Rodney King at the hands of the Los Angeles Police Department. In 1991, an Afro-American was assaulted by four white police officers. These police officers were later acquitted in 1992, which precipitated the 1992 riots that reflected deep racial mistrust between urban populations and the police in charge of maintaining social order. Of course, the interaction between police and civil rights was nothing new, following major riots in 1964 and 1968. However, Rodney King did represent an opportunity for a to a greater exte nt contemporary analysis of how police interact with the public as symbols of authority. In that case, police interacted with the public as authority figures, but the authority figures served no other purpose but to detract from due attend and fairness. To some degree, this may have been due to the emerging category of services that police provide preventing crime (Skogan & Frydl, 2004, p. 72). By employing nearly deadly force on a suspect, the police seem to be direct a message to the public they deal with however, in the Rodney King case, the message was extended to the wrong audience. other new direction in American law enforcement is the widespread use of Taser technology by police officers. Taser technology is a supposedly non-lethal alternative to firearms that subdues suspects before they can pose a bodily threat. A study in 2008 revealed that approximately 90 percent of Taser discharges by police were done in retort to unarmed or non-threatening suspects (The Washington Post, 2010). This problem with Tasers reflects a more fundamental problem

Violence against Women and Girls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Violence against Women and Girls - Essay ExampleAlthough some(prenominal) international and regional instruments of law have put in place the necessary measures for the states to use in order to cub, nullify and even punish violence against young girls and women by demanding that the states ought to take the necessary measures to combat the violence, there has thus far continued prevalence of these vice. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) indicates that the vice has grown to a global pandemic of alarming proportions which is yet to be addressed with all the appropriate political inscription as sound as re origins.According to UNIFEM (2010), approximately six out of every ten women in jeopardize conflict countries have experienced sexual or physical violence in their tonetime. A study by cosmos Health Organization related to some twenty four one thousand women in some ten countries indicates that prevalence of physical and se xual violence by a womans first mate ranged from 15 % in roughly urban areas of developed countries to a range of 30 - 60 % in most rural areas of post conflict states (UNIFEM, 2010).In most of these states, the violence against young girls and women have had some far reaching aftermath including so a great deal harm to the families and communities affected. It has become a major source of disability or even death for girls and women of 16 up to 44 years of age. A World Bank investigation into some selected risk factors facing women and girls at the indicated age group showed that rape and interior(prenominal) violence have emerged as more dangerous to the affected ladies than war, malaria, motor vehicle accidents and cancer. There has in any case been a close association between these kind of violence and HIV and AIFDS with a survey video display that there are some 1,366 women from South African region who have been beaten by the life partners and were more likely to be infe cted with HIV more than those who were not. Gender-related violence violates human rights as well as hampering of human productivity, reduction of human capital and undermining of economic growth to the affected lives. The US Centers for complaint Control and Prevention report in 2003 indicated that the intimate partner violence costs in the the States alone have been found to exceed US$ 5.8 one million million million a year with US $ 4.1 billion being budgeted for direct medical as well as services related to health boot (UNIFEM, 2010). Young girls at the tender age have unfortunately happened to be majority victims of sexual assault. separate group that has become subject to unwarranted sexual coercion is women who are in position of depleted dependence on male power. flub cases have also been high in post-conflict countries. This has been very much documented in the last few years in countries affected by civil conflicts. Rape in such cases has been employed systematically as a torture instrument or even domination of ethnic groups (Gender Equality, 2009).Although there has been indication of growth of the vice, some efforts by the post conflict nations in addressing the vice need to be put in place in preventing this situation. Some 89 post conflict countries in 2006 have installed some legislation measures targeting prevention of the domestic violence and plans of action. In most of these states, marital rape has become prosecutable

Molecular biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Molecular biology - act Example(Unemo & Nicholas, 2012).The developing multi do drugs distasteful Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the severe symptoms of the gonococcal infections, added to the socioeconomic burden and epidemiologically threatening aspects of the disease drug rampart gonorrhea, its detection and diagnosis has acquired immense significance (Blomquist, et al., 2014). It is important to focus on preventing the spread of resistant forms as part of disease management. An essential requirement for understandling spread is enhancing surveillance with break diagnostic manners for identification and isolation of disease resistant pathogens. This project aims to introduce a novel method of diagnosis of drug resistance in clinical isolates of gonorrhea.The method presented in this paper involves the use of cover set for diagnosis of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The protocol is based on like technology already used for development of protocols f or drug resistance in other organisms.Tiling array is a derivation of microarray technology developed by Kapranov and colleagues (2002) and Shoemaker and colleagues (2001) that facilitates identification of previously unidentified transcripts through genome wide annotations.The initial euphoria associated with the utility and significance of antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs seems to fade with the rise in the bacterial strains exhibiting resistance to single as well as multiple drugs. Hence drug resistance has become an exponentially rising global health hazard rendering world population at a time again vulnerable to the threats of common diseases (Levy & Marshall, 2004). Both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria agree been known to exhibit multi-drug resistance leaving health care providers with no antimicrobial therapeutic agents ensuring control and management of

A childs education is increasingly dependent on the wealth and wishes Essay

A pincers pedagogy is increasingly parasitic on the wealth and wishes of their parents, rather than the ability of pupils themselves. Discuss - Essay ExampleIt is true that a childs education is increasingly dependent on the wealth and wishes of their parents, rather than the ability of pupils themselves? How accessible is education in the United Kingdom? What sorts of conflicts does the inaccessibility of education produce? These questions and many more will be addressed and applied to this holistic analysis of education in the United Kingdom.Education is supposed to be meritocratic in nature and the means through which people break through the cumbersome cordial barriers of class and privilege. Is it true that education is meritocratic and ground upon the notion that education allows people to advance, progress and motion forward in life? A basic premise of the sociology of education is that it promotes greater comparison and is based upon merit and equal opportunity for all. The expansion of education in the past two hundred days in the United Kingdom remains an incredible advance which has purportedly increased fond equality to the betterment of society. Less than one hundred years ago, the educational institutions of this country were effectively closed to women, heathen minorities and a whole host of other groups. Incredibly, educational opportunities were denied to more than 50% of the population for centuries. The sociology of education emphatically argues that public schooling and universal education promotes social equality, social cohesion and is characterised by opportunities for progress and social growth. A fundamental underpinning of the sociology of education is that it is meritoocratically based and that it promotes great equlaity. Now that educational access has expanded crosswise this country, is it true that education promotes social equality and is based upon the merits of individual students?According to scholars Persell & Cookso n in their study of

Journal Article Critique 4293 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal Article Critique 4293 - Assignment fontHowever, at the end of the 10 weeks of the count, the two groups had a total of 51 students after 9 of them dropped from the study after moving to other regions.As highlighted, there was a control group and a intervention group, each consisting of 30 students. Both the control group and the treatment group participated in Tier 1 learning operating instructions, but altogether the treatment group underwent the special Tier 2 learning instructions. These types of instructions were given for a period of 10 weeks and different measures of their improvement in literacy were used to compare their death penalty after the 10 week period. The data from such scores was analyzed and interpreted to compare the violence of Tier 2 learning instructions, which was a response-to-intervention model.From the findings, in the scores of the different groups, it emerged that students in the treatment separate performed better in all the measures compa red to those in the control group. Notably, the control group exhibited improvement because of the Tier 1 learning instructions.The study utilized a limited sample size, which was 51 at the end of the 10 weeks, a factor that necessitates an additional study with a larger sample size. The measurement instruments used in the study had limited capacity in assessing some measures identified for the study. The third limitation was that, the study only considered reading take aim ranges from early first to the level of middle third grade, which has the capacity of introducing a level of variance.This study is a salient example of the effects of adopting an intervention model of learning instructions in a bid to help students with learning disabilities to improve their literacy levels. The authors of this article are impressed by the plus findings that adopting a Tier 2 instruction model can register a difference in the learning ability and literacy levels of students

CASE SCENARIO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CASE SCENARIO - Essay Examplesolely there is no evidence of any spill.Situation Analysis And Solution Lets us assume that the production employee does not know how to identify the material, as the Hazard Communication Standard requires that all told chemicals be appropriately labeled. Under the provisions of the Hazard Communication Standard, employers are responsible for informing employees of the hazards and the identities of piece of puddle chemicals to which they are exposed, says OSHA in its information booklet. The emergency response team and the plant manager put on already been informed about the incident. Entry to the orbit restricted except for those involved in the full-strength up operations. The first step to entering the area of incident involves wearing protective gears such haughty Pressure Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus, gloves and shoe covers by the team coordinators. A quick survey of the area is done and it declared as restricted area.Next is to identify the material that is spilled by identifying the label. Identifying the spill is half work done, as this is will tell what procedure it needs to undertake to limit the hazardous situation. The HazMat Team is whence given relevant spill response instructions. The go alonging will be the action list they would followThe team members also needed to be appropriately protected with the personal protective clothing and equipment. leap entry of any unauthorized individuals. As the spillage is from a 55 gallon drum, two or three team members will take care of transferring the contents into a larger drum as soon as possible. Two or three of the members work on limiting the spill from ventilation further. A part of the hazard management team involves in relocating the other hazardous chemical containers to safer areas. As fumes are being produced, let us assume that the chemical that spilt was a strong acid. The following(a) step is use

Organizational Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organizational Development - Assignment ExampleAdvocates of TQM hold that the destination of guest bliss is achieved through top attention commitment to creating an organizational climate that empowers employees and focuses all efforts on the goal of guest satisfaction. A positive relationship between leadership and commitment, and employee empowerment (leading to job satisfaction) with customer satisfaction is assumed.Both the trade and academic literatures on TQM suggest many different top leadership strategies and practices for empowering or involving employees in quality-related decision-making processes. However, few empirical studies, outside of the Malcolm Baldridge Award program, have been done to sufficiently document these relationships and to finalise which of the many suggested strategies and practices are effective in bringing about the intended results (employee empowerment, job satisfaction, and superior customer satisfaction).The objective of this study is to pr ovide empirical assessment of the assumed relationship between top management leadership and commitment, employee empowerment, job satisfaction, and customer satisfaction. ... Another objective is to provide empirical assessment for the TQM-based literature. Literature follow In almost all of the TQM literature, employee involvement, empowerment, and top management leadership and commitment are identified as crucial elements of a successful TQM program (Bowen, Siehl, & Schneider, 1989 Brower, 1994 Camp, 1989 Deming, 1982 Mendelowitz, 1991 Roberts, 1994 Senge, 1994). Lawler (1994) referred to employee empowerment as one of the most important tenets of TQM. doubting Thomas and Velthouse (1990) define empowerment as intrinsic task motivation that manifests itself in four cognitions reflecting an individuals orientation to his or her work roles. By intrinsic task motivation, they mean positively valued experiences that an individual derives directly from a task that produce motivation and satisfaction. The four cognitions they identified are meaningfulness, competence, impact, and choice. Meaningfulness is the value of the task goal or purpose in relation to the individuals own ideals or standards, and competence is the degree to which a person basis perform task activities skillfully. Impact, on the other hand, is the degree to which behavior is seen as making a struggle in terms of accomplishing the purpose of the task, while choice is the causal responsibility for a persons actions. A more operational-level and process-oriented definition of empowerment was offered by Bowen and Lawler (1992). They define empowerment as sharing with front-line employees tuition about an organizations performance, information about rewards based on the organizations performance, knowledge that enables employees to understand and contribute to organizational performance, and giving

Research Critique, Part 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Research Critique, Part 2 - Essay congressmanBurns & Grove (2011) state that the potential benefits to the subjects would include improved physical condition that could encourage randy and social benefits in research on therapeutic or non-therapeutic aspects In terms of risks, risks involved matter on the purpose of study and the procedures used to conduct the research. Risks could include physical, social, emotional or economic and could rationality permanent damage. If the risks outweigh the benefits, the research could be unethical (Burns & Grove, 2011). Sundborg, Saleh-Stattin, Wndell & Trnkvist (2012) do not happen upon the benefits and risks of using human participants.In terms of consent, researchers must obtain informed consent from the subjects. Therefore, subjects must accede voluntarily. In this research, the participants participated voluntarily because as the researchers point out, they called the individual nurses who participated where 39 agreed to participate wh ile 1 refused. The ones who agree to participate were presented with an information letter with which they could distribute the questionnaires to their colleagues. With regard to institutional review board approval, the authors do not state whether they obtained institutional review, board approval from the agency in which the study was conducted (Sundborg, Saleh-Stattin, Wndell & Trnkvist, 2012).logistic regression analysis. The first dependent variable is, if you suspected that a womanhood was exposed to IPV, would you substantiate it by asking her if it was true? The independent variable here was, Being sufficiently prepared. The sanction dependent variable is, do you believe that you are sufficiently prepared to deal with a woman exposed to IPV? The independent variable here was, having obtained knowledge by themselves (Sundborg, Saleh-Stattin, Wndell & Trnkvist, 2012).The researchers collect selective information using both primary secondary data collection methods. The prim ary data was collected by use of

Gender and Religion in South East Asia Term Paper

Gender and Religion in South East Asia - Term Paper ExampleVarious religious beliefs predominated over the places for centuries and the recent forms of religions similar Christianity, Buddhism and Islam came to these lands. The advent of the new religions shifted the billet of the females too. Earlier the position of female in these places was held high and they enjoyed a self-aggrandising berth in the society. As time passed by, there witnessed change in these two aspects. The present render plunges an anthropological study into the matter of sexual urge and religion at the southeastern United States Asian regions. Throughout the ages, religions and gender of South East Asia have got some kind of significance. Both these play a vital role in the anthropological development of the places. The article, Transgenderisn and Gender Pluralism in Southeast Asia since Early Modern Times by Michael G. Peletx takes the words of Reid (1988,146) that in the South East Asia the history tel ls that women predominated in a good many religious rite contexts associated with agriculture, spiritual, and other religious powers that men could not match (Peletz, 2006, 312). The women folk had a close association with the discover of the society. The transgendered individuals (male bodied but dressed in female dress) too had taken a key position in the rituals of the people. High levels of sexuality and erotic attributes were associated with such transgendered individuals.... The lowlanders occupy the plains and valleys and cultivate wet rice they are organized into stratified societies and states traditionally headed by divine kings (Winzeler, 2008, p.271). Among the major lowlanders include Thai of Thailand, Lao of Laos, Khemer of Kambodia, Shan of north Burma, Vietnamese of Vietnam and Burmese of Burma. Owing to the influence of India and Hindu- Buddhist traditions the lowlanders were turned to be Theravada Buddhists (Theravada being the southern tradition, or the smaller vehicle of Buddhism) (Winzeler, 2008, p.271). The highlanders live at the mountains and were traditionally organized at the village level as tribal societies rather than states, are generally egalitarian, and migrate frequently (Winzeler, 2008, p.271). These highlanders are more influenced by mainland China and so they stick on to their own native beliefs which usually included shamanism (Winzeler, 2008, p.271). The entry of the western sandwich world had its effect in the land. Some of the ethnic religious beliefs gave office for Christianity. The dominance of the Christianity has paved way the change of religion in some of the places. The post colonial aspects of gender have played a crucial role in the socio political milieu of the countries which are commonly called as Southeast Asia. As most of the south eastern countries have embraced Theravada Buddhism which gave a new outlook for the women folk of the religion. The female ascetics were honored well in the society. In compa rison with the female monks of the other nations like Japan, China, and India the feminine gender of the Southeast Asian countries enjoyed supremacy in their total procedures as women. The